客家文化 | 客家老物件——蓑衣、笠麻
<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style='display: none;' data-tools="新媒体管家" data-label="powered by xmt.cn"><br></section><section style='display: none;' data-tools="新媒体管家" data-label="powered by xmt.cn"><br></section><p style='text-align: center;'><br></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>角锄、钯子，蓑衣、笠麻。普通物具，寻常农家。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>漫长的农耕社会。角锄、钯子，是居住在客家山村的客家人主要的生产工具;蓑衣、笠麻，是他们挡雨遮阳的重要物具。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>长期以来，着蓑戴笠的客家人，扛锄荷钯，耕田作地，繁衍生息。蓑衣笠麻，陪伴他们度过漫长的岁月。</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgba(254, 254, 254, 0.6);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 677px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>客家人的这种蓑衣笠麻，究竟有何特点呢？ </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>下面，作简单浅显的阐述。</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-tools="新媒体排版" data-id="12980" data-style-type="标题" style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin: auto; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); border-right-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); border-left-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); font-size: 1.2em; font-family: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-left: -1px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section><section style='margin-right: -1px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section></section><section style='padding: 8px 10px 5px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(121, 121, 121); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'>蓑 衣</span></section></section></section><section style='margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section><section style='margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section></section></section></section></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>蓑衣，取材于一种叫棕树的长绿乔木。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>旧时。山村房前屋后，坑垅塅角，随处都可以看见棕树。一棵棵棕树，是山村一道独特的靓丽风景，更是制作蓑衣的宝贵资源。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>幼龄棕树，呈“丛生”状。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>随着树龄增长，棕树由“丛状”渐渐变成“柱状”，呈圆柱形，高达数米。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>丛生于茎顶的棕叶，叶片呈扇形，自然向外展开。这种棕叶，用处多多。嫩叶，可以制作草帽、摇扇等用品。老叶，客家人常用其捆绑粽子，俗称“粽带”。</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 25.6px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>制作蓑衣的材料，是一种暗竭色的棕皮纤维(叶鞘纤维)。这种棕皮纤维位于棕叶下，一节一匝，紧紧包裹圆柱形的棕树主干，树越往上长，包裹长度越长。棕皮表面绒毛遍布;皮稍底端较硬，硬如革质;中间，丝毛错综如织，充溢其间;皮稍末端，丝丝缕缕，似牛马的鬃毛。</span><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>清明前后，草长莺飞。这个时节，是取棕皮纤维的最佳时间。昔日山村，常见乡亲脚踏扶梯，手持割刀，一层一层地剥取棕片，俗称“割棕”。</span><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>棕片准备就绪，师傅上门缝制蓑衣。</span><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>制蓑师傅的工具简单，仅是一根比筷子略细带孔的特制针，俗称“蓑衣针”。另外，还有一个装油的盒子(制作中，不时用“蓑衣针”醮油，油起润滑作用)。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>制蓑衣前，师傅习惯地从棕片中一根一根抽出质地较好的棕丝，用一对竹制的手摇纺器，先纺成足够量的棕线，为后面“缝线”做好准备。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>纺好足量的棕线，师傅就量身制作蓑衣(一般根据身高，分小号、中号、大号几种)。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>先选10多张底部质地坚硬的棕片，依次紧密排列在一个大碗或小的盆子周围，制作领口，俗称“制领”。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>这种领口类似于衣服中那种没有衣领的“和尚领”。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>领口塑形制成后，就将棕片一张张叠加，分里外二个面，铺张开来;然后，用引好棕线的“蓑衣针”(和缝补衣服穿针引线，大同小异)，一针一针地将里外二个面缝合连缀，分别制作肩部、背部、尾部，俗称“定位”。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>定位后，接着就是“制模”。制模前，选好</span><span style='letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-indent: 2em;'>横面宽纵面长的棕片，自领口下，依次里外包裹先前定位制作的肩部、背部、尾部，将这些部位拼接起来。</span></span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>紧接着，“缝线”。缝线分表面和里面。表面，棕线密密麻麻，紧密有序排列遍布，不留间距;里面，棕线稍留间距(间距几厘米)。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>最后一道工序，安背带。将纺好的二根棕带，安装在里面左右两边(即肩部至臀部位置)。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>和衣服相比，蓑衣没有袖口，整件蓑衣像一只大蝴蝶，两翼微微上翘。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><strong style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 41, 65); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);line-height: 25.6px;background-color: rgb(128, 177, 53);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></span></strong></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>穿蓑衣时，两手穿过背带，(如果背带偏松，则将左右背带相扣)背带紧贴肩部和两侧腰部，两边紧紧的背带，将背上的蓑衣略往内收拢，形成“屏障”，遮挡自肩部至腿部的雨水。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>除这种蝴蝶形的蓑衣，另外还有一种“蓑衣裙”。制作原理，和蓑衣大致相同。不过，蓑衣裙没有领口，只有“横轴”。蓑衣裙和“围裙”相似。裙上端(“横轴”)左右两边分别留有系带，系紧带子，就可把胸前至下腿肚位置围起来，遮挡前面的雨水。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> “天寒笼当衣，地冻蓑作被。”除了挡雨，蓑衣还可当被盖，抵御风寒。一件件蓑衣，给一代代客家人带来多少的温暖和慰藉！</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></p><section data-tools="新媒体排版" data-id="12980" data-style-type="标题" style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-color: initial; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin: auto; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); border-right-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(249, 110, 87); border-left-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); font-size: 1.2em; font-family: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-left: -1px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section><section style='margin-right: -1px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section></section><section style='padding: 8px 10px 5px; max-width: 100%; color: rgb(121, 121, 121); box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'>笠 麻</span></section></section></section><section style='margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><section style='margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section><section style='margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; background-color: rgb(249, 110, 87); border-radius: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'></section></section></section></section></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 500px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>笠麻，亦称笠帽或斗笠。除了挡雨，笠麻还有遮阳保暖作用。耕田作地的客家人，几乎和笠麻形影不离。</span><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>笠麻的制作材料主要是竹篾丝和箬竹叶，及少部分的油纸。</span><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px;'><span style='max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>制作竹篾丝的竹，应选适龄的小竹为宜。太老的竹，剖的篾丝，易折断;太嫩的竹，剖的篾丝，易虫蛀。</span><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; text-indent: 2em; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>制作笠麻，主要有剖篾、编盘、排叶、缝边等几道工序。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 640px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>剖篾。先对边再对边，循环反复，最后剖成筷状小边，刨净表皮竹纤维“绒毛”，取相连“篾青”的二层竹纤维，做“上盘”材料;再剖二层下层粗质纤维，做“下盘”材料。剖的篾丝，细如细面条为宜。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>编盘。蓑衣有里外二个面，笠麻有上下二个盘。篾丝剖好后，首先编“顶结”，再取一模具，将二条篾丝作经线，一条篾丝作纬线，经纬交织，围绕模具，接着编织顶部(类似制作蓑衣的“领口”，顶分尖顶、平顶)。然后，依次往下编织，按笠麻的大小收口。另一盘，编织原理相同。编好的盘，俗称“笠麻坯”。</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 640px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>排叶。将下盘“笠麻坯”顶部朝上放置在面盆或无耳的桶或便于操作的其他物具上，然后，取晒干的箬叶(箬叶，即箬竹的叶。箬竹呈丛生状，约1米多高，叶梢和支杆相连的部分有暗竭或灰竭色的绒毛。箬叶，自然清香，常用于包裹粽，俗称“粽叶”)呈辐射状紧密相连分几层布满下盘“笠麻坯”间隙。之后，再将上盘“笠麻坯”紧紧地和布满箬叶的下盘合拢。</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;letter-spacing: 0.544px;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);vertical-align: middle;background-color: rgb(238, 237, 235);background-size: 22px;background-position: 50% 50%;background-repeat: no-repeat;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: 640px !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>缝边。上下两盘“笠麻坯”紧紧合拢后，用篾丝(或老虎须藤)将边紧密缝合，然后，下盘安一带子。笠麻，即制成。这种箬叶笠麻，俗称“粗笠麻”。另外，还有一种直径如大锅特制的笠麻，俗称“锅头笠麻”。这些笠麻，一般以尖顶为主，几乎不用油纸。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>除以上这些“粗笠麻”，还有一种平顶、不用箬叶，用油纸布满“笠麻坯”的笠麻。这种笠麻，称“细笠麻”，直径比“粗笠麻”大，比“锅头笠麻”小，闽西北一带，称“长汀笠麻”。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>因耕田作地的客家人几乎和笠麻形影不离，久而久之，“戴笠麻”成了他们对自己的戏称，“耍笔杆”则是他们对文化人的尊称和敬仰。</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>时代发展。上世纪七十年代始，雨衣、塑料薄膜、草帽等新物的兴起，蓑衣、笠麻，渐渐地退出历史舞台。 </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>如今，城镇化建设如火如荼。年轻一代，几乎不事农活，对蓑衣、笠麻，更是陌生。山村，几乎不见蓑衣的踪影。笠麻，也只受一小部分上了年纪的乡亲青睐。…… </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“草铺横野六七里，笛弄晚风三四声。归来饱饭黄昏后，不脱蓑衣卧月明。” </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“圆笠覆我首，长蓑披我襟。”</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>“……青箬笠，绿蓑衣,斜风细雨不须归。” </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> “……一蓑烟雨任平生”</span></section><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span class="wxart_image" wx-style='display:inline-block;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: 微软雅黑;letter-spacing: 0.544px;line-height: 25.6px;white-space: pre-wrap;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible !important;width: auto !important;'></span></p><p style='max-width: 100%; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'> </span></p><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>一首首诗篇，勾勒出一幅幅清新、鲜活的田园山水图。这里有归隐、宁静、怀旧的意境，更有客家人风里来雨里去辛勤劳作的情景和他们热爱生活、还璞归真的情怀。</span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'>蓑衣，笠麻，是一种客家物具，更是农耕时代的一种文化符号。它们同耕牛、犁耙，角锄、钯子一样，功不可没，永载史章！ </span></section><section style='max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><span style='max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;'><br></span></section><p style='text-align: center;'><br></p></div><p></p>
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